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Behind History For November 16 - Today in History

Behind History For November 16 – Today in History

Behind History For November 16

November 16 is the 320th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 46 days remaining to end this year.

What is on the 16th of November?

534 – Justinian I, Emperor of Eastern Roman (Byzantine) in Constantinople, approves and publishes the final revision of the Codex Justinianus.

951 – Emperor Li Jing ends the Chu Kingdom by sending a Southern Tang expeditionary force of 10,000 men under Bian Hao to conquer Chu. Li Jing eliminates the ruling family to his own capital in Nanjing.

1272 – While traveling during the Ninth Crusade (a series of war), Prince Edward becomes King of England upon the death of Henry III, but he will not return to England for nearly two years to take the throne.

1491 – An auto-da-fé (Act of Faith), held in the Brasero de la Dehesa outside of Ávila, concludes the case of the Holy Child of La Guardia with the public execution (burning in public) of several Jewish suspects.

1532 – Francisco Pizarro and his soldiers capture Inca Emperor Atahualpa at the Battle of Cajamarca.

1776 – American Revolutionary War: British and Hessian units capture Fort Washington from the American Patriots.

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1776 – American Revolution: The United Provinces (Low Countries) recognize the independence of the United States.

1793 – French Revolution: Ninety dissident Roman Catholic priests are executed by drowning at Nantes.

1797 – The Prussian heir apparent, Frederick William, becomes King of Prussia as Frederick William III.

1805 – Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Schöngrabern: Russian forces under Pyotr Bagration delay the pursuit by French troops under Joachim Murat.

1822 – American Old West: Missouri trader William Becknell arrives in Santa Fe, New Mexico, over a route that became known as the Santa Fe Trail.

1828 – Greek War of Independence: The London Protocol entails the creation of an autonomous Greek state under Ottoman suzerainty, encompassing the Morea and the Cyclades.

1849 – A Russian court sentences writer Fyodor Dostoyevsky to death for anti-government activities linked to a radical intellectual group; his sentence is later commuted to hard labor.

1852 – The English astronomer John Russell Hind discovers the asteroid 22 Kalliope.

1855 – David Livingstone becomes the first European to see the Victoria Falls in Zambia-Zimbabwe.

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1857 – Second relief of Lucknow: Twenty-four Victoria Crosses are awarded, the most in a single day.

1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Campbell’s Station near Knoxville, Tennessee: Confederate troops unsuccessfully attack Union forces.

1871 – The National Rifle Association receives its charter from New York State.

1885 – Canadian rebel leader of the Métis and “Father of Manitoba” Louis Riel is executed for treason.

1904 – English engineer John Ambrose Fleming receives a patent for the thermionic valve (vacuum tube).

1907 – Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory join to form Oklahoma, which is accepted as the 46th U.S. state.

1907 – Cunard Line’s RMS Mauretania, sister ship of RMS Lusitania, sets sail on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England, to New York City.

1914 – The Federal Reserve Bank of the United States officially opens.

1920 – Qantas, Australia’s national airline, is founded as Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited.

1933 – The United States and the Soviet Union establish formal diplomatic relations.

1938 – LSD is first synthesized by Albert Hofmann from ergotamine at the Sandoz Laboratories in Basel.

1940 – World War II: In response to the leveling of Coventry by the German Luftwaffe two days before, the Royal Air Force bombs Hamburg.

1940 – The Holocaust: In occupied Poland, the Nazis close off the Warsaw Ghetto from the outside world.

1940 – New York City’s “Mad Bomber” George Metesky places his first bomb at a Manhattan office building used by Consolidated Edison.

1943 – World War II: American bombers strike a hydro-electric power facility and heavy water factory in German-controlled Vemork, Norway.

1944 – World War II: Operation Queen, the costly Allied thrust to the Rur, is launched.

1944 – World War II: Düren, Germany, is destroyed by Allied bombers.

1945 – UNESCO (The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is founded.

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1965 – Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the Venera 3 space probe toward Venus, which will be the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet.

1973 – Skylab program: NASA launches Skylab 4 with a crew of three astronauts from Cape Canaveral, Florida for 84-day mission.

1973 – U.S. President Richard Nixon signs the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act into law, authorizing the construction of the Alaska Pipeline.1974 – The Arecibo message is broadcast from the Arecibo Radio Telescope in Puerto Rico. It was aimed at the current location of the globular star cluster Messier 13 some 25,000 light years away. The message will reach empty space by the time it finally arrives since the cluster will have changed position.

1979 – The first line of Bucharest Metro (Line M1) is opened from Timpuri Noi to Semănătoarea in Bucharest, Romania.

1988 – The Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic declares that Estonia is “sovereign” but stops short of declaring independence.

1988 – In the first open election in more than a decade, voters in Pakistan elect populist candidate Benazir Bhutto to be Prime Minister of Pakistan.

1989 – El Salvadoran army troops kills six Jesuit priests and two others at Jose Simeon Canas University.

1990 – Pop group Milli Vanilli are stripped of their Grammy Award because the duo did not sing at all on the Girl You Know It’s True album. Session musicians had provided all the vocals.

1992 – The Hoxne Hoard (Roman silver and gold discovered in Britain, and the largest collection of gold and silver coins of the fourth and fifth centuries found anywhere within the Roman Empire) is discovered by metal detectorist Eric Lawes in Hoxne, Suffolk.

1997 – After nearly 18 years of incarceration, the People’s Republic of China releases Wei Jingsheng, a pro-democracy dissident, from jail for medical reasons.

2018 – Cyclone Gaja makes landfall in Tamil Nadu, crosses between Cuddalore and Nagapattinam.

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